14. Windsor Castle
The late Queen’s favourite home, Windsor Castle has roots stretching back to the late 11th century when it was built by William the Conqueror as a strategic fortress.
Over the centuries it evolved into a royal residence, a symbol of monarchy and an active seat of power, making it the longest-occupied royal palace in Europe.
The architecture reflects a layering of history: medieval walls and towers underpin grand state apartments, which were largely reworked in the 19th century under George IV’s direction to suit court life and display.
Within its precincts lies St George’s Chapel, a Gothic-style royal chapel and the spiritual home of the Order of the Garter, noted for its 15th- to 16th-century design and royal tombs, including the former Queen Elizabeth II.
In modern times the castle continues to serve both ceremonial and residential roles. It witnessed key events such as the 1992 fire (which led to significant restoration) and the recent period when the Queen identified it as one of her principal residences.
Visitors today can explore the State Apartments, wander the historical grounds, and absorb the blend of defence, residence and pageantry that Windsor Castle offers.