16. Tower of London
The Tower of London is not really known as a castle – but that’s how it started out. Originally founded in the late 11th century after the Norman Conquest, its central White Tower began construction around 1078 and served both as a stronghold and royal residence.
Over the centuries the site has fulfilled many roles: an arsenal, a royal treasury, the home of the Royal Mint, and a records office.
One of its most infamous functions was as a prison and place of execution – especially during the Tudor period. Anne Boleyn was imprisoned and executed here, for example.
Today the Tower houses the Crown Jewels, guarded by the Beefeaters (Yeomen Warders), and remains one of Britain’s most visited heritage sites. It is also recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
One of the must see sites on any visit to London.